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V. Kishor Kumar ¹, K. G. Lalitha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Phytopharmacy and Phytomedicine, J. K. K. Munirajah Medical Research Foundation's Annai J. K. K. Sampoorani Ammal College of Pharmacy, B. Komarapalayam – 638 183, Namakkal District, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ultra College of Pharmacy, Madurai – 625 020, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Helleborus niger L (HN) is widely used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the Indian traditional system of medicine. Therefore, the present study was done to evaluate the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of HN ischolar_main (EHN) in streptozotocin (STZ) - nicotinamide (NC) induced diabetic rats. in vitro α-amylase inhibition assay, normoglycemic study and oral glucose tolerance test were carried out in different ischolar_main extracts of HN. Antihyperglycemic effect was assessed in EHN using diabetic rats, which was identified as the most effective extract by initial screening. EHN (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) orally administered daily for 28 days and the animal was observed in next 14 days. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight was determined weekly basis up to 42 days. On the 42nd day, various biochemical parameters were estimated. The three doses of EHN shows significantly decrease (p<0.01) in blood glucose levels. The effect was more pronounced in 200mg/kg (71.53%) than 100mg/kg (67.46%) and 50mg/kg (66.63%). In addition, decreased HbA₁C and improved Hb level were 1 evidenced clearly in diabetic rats. Simultaneously, improvements in serum lipid profile, serum liver profile in diabetic rats were also evidenced clearly. Moreover, body weight and protein levels were increased in diabetic rats. On the other hand antioxidant activity was restored in diabetic rats. Increased glycogen content, glucokinase and decreased glucose - 6 phosphatase, fructose 1, 6 - biphosphatase effects in liver tissues were observed. EHN preserved islet architecture and prevented hypertrophy of β-cells. The EHN is capable of managing hyperglycemia and complications of diabetes in STZ-NC induced diabetic rats. Hence this plant may be considered as one of the potential sources for the isolation of new oral antihyperglycemic agent(s).

Keywords

Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic, Antioxidant, Helleborus Niger, Nicotinamide, Streptozotocin.

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T. Venkatachalam ¹, V. Kishor Kumar ¹, P. Satheesh Kumar ¹, P. Kalaiselvi ¹, M. Chitra ¹, N. Senthil Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JKKMMRF College of Pharmacy, B. Komarapalayam, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In this paper, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of ethyl acetate extract of Evodia lunu-ankenda (Gaertn) Merr. bark was determined by four methods Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Nitric Oxide, Super oxide disumatase, Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and by agar disc diffusion methods. The crude ethyl acetate extract of Evodia lunuankenda bark inhibited the growth of both gram positive bacteria (Bacillus substilis, Staphylococcus aureus and micrococcus luters) and gram negative bacteria (Escharichia coil, Pseudomonas aeruglinosa and Salmonella typhlmurium) and also the crude ethyl acetate extract of Evodia lunuankenda bark inhibited the growth of fungi (candida albicans and Aspergillus niger). The ethyl acetate extract of Evodia lunuankenda bark showed dose dependent increase in reducing anti oxidant power that was comparable to standards. Antibacterial activity, highest concentration of ethyl acetate extract (5mg/ml) having good activity against gram positive and gram negative organisms as compared with the reference Ciprofloxacin. Antifungal activity, highest concentration of extract (5mg/ml) having good activity as compared with the reference Amphotericin-B. It can be concluded that the plant posses potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, responsible of the secondary metabolites like flavonoids, saponins, are likely observed for the plants.

Keywords

Antioxidant Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, Agar Disc Diffusion Method, Evodia lunu-Ankenda (Gaertn) Merr. Bark.

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P. Kalai Selvi ¹, T. Venkatachalam ¹, V. Kishor Kumar ¹, K. G. Lalitha ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JKKMMRF College of Pharmacy, Komara Palayam-638183, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ultra College of Pharmacy, Madurai-625020, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

A Simple and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of Diacerein in bulk and its pharmaceutical formulations. Chromatographic separation was performed by using column XDB C₈ (4.6×150 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase comprising of a mixture of phosphate buffer and Acetonitrile (50:50,v/v) and pH adjusted to 3 with orthophosphoric acid, at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min with detection at 254 nm. Separation was completed in less than 10 min. As per ICH guidelines the method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of quantitation, limit of detection, ruggedness and robustness. Linearity of Diacerein was found to be in the range of 10-100 μg/ml and correlation coefficient was found to be 0.999. The retention time of Diacerein was 3.3 min;the separation was performed at an ambient temperature. The limit of Detection and limit of quantitation for Diacerein was found to be 3.6 and 9.95 (S/N ratio). There was no significant difference in the intraday and inter day analysis of Diacerein determined for five different concentrations using this method. The RSD value 0.3% indicates a high precision of the analytical method.

Keywords

The Proposed Method was Simple, Sensitive, Precise, Accurate and Useful for Routine Quality Control Analysis.

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T. Venkatachalam ¹, V. Kishor Kumar ¹, P. Kalai Selvi ¹, R. Srinivasan ¹, R. Mariammal ², K. G. Lalitha ³

Affiliations
1 JKKMMRF College of Pharmacy, B. Komarapalayam, IN
2 ROVER College of Pharmacy, Perambalur, IN
3 ULTRA College of Pharmacy, Madurai, IN

Abstract

Simple, sensitive, and specific spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for quantitation of Metoprolol succinate and Hydrochlorthiazide in tablet dosage form. A new analytical method was developed based on the simultaneous estimation of drugs in a binary mixture without previous separation. In simultaneous equation method, Metoprolol succinate and Hydrochlorthiazide were determined by using their absorptivity values at wavelength maxima, viz., 222 nm and 272 nm. The standard deviation value for the different validation parameters was found to be between 0.094 and 1.01 for simultaneous equation method. This method is simple, accurate, rapid, and they require no preliminary separation and can therefore be used for routine analysis of both drugs in quality control laboratories.

Keywords

Spectrophotometric, Metoprolol Succinate, Hydrochlorthiazide, Simultaneous Equation Method.

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